| Transport in Romania |
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Public roads in Romania are ranked according to importance and traffic as follows:
Some of the national roads are part of the European route scheme. European routes passing through Romania: E58; E60; E70; E85; E79; E81; E68; E87 (Class A); E574; E576; E581; E583; E671; E77.
In 2009, a total of 81,713 km of roads existed in Romania, of which 46,362 km were paved and 35,351 km were gravel roads.[1]
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Identified by A followed by a number. Currently Romania has the least developed motorway network among all the European Union members, with only 390 km in use as of December 2011.[2] However, in recent years, a master plan for the national motorway network has been developed, and many works have begun around the country, which will result in significant changes by 2015.
There are few tolls for using roads in Romania. There is one at the Giurgeni – Vadu Oii Bridge over the river Danube on highway DN2A at Vadu Oii and one at the Cernavodă Bridge, on the A2 motorway, a 17 km long section between Feteşti and Cernavodă which consists of two road/railway bridges. Nevertheless every car that uses a motorway(A) or a national road (DN) in Romania must pay a toll at any larger petrol stations or at any post office throughout the country.
| Trunk Motorway | Route | Planned (km) / Built (km) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| A1 motorway | Bucharest - Piteşti - Râmnicu Vâlcea - Sibiu - Deva - Timişoara - Arad - Nădlac> Hungary | 579 / 170 | estimated completion date: 2018. Bucharest - Piteşti, Piteşti bypass, Sibiu bypass and Arad - Timişoara section are operational; Arad bypass to be operational by middle of 2012; works ongoing on Deva - Orǎştie (32 km) and Arad - Nădlac (38 km) sections. |
| Autostrada Soarelui | Bucharest - Feteşti - Cernavodă - Constanţa | 204 / 166 | Bucharest - Cernavodă and Murfatlar - Constanţa operational; Medgidia – Murfatlar sector to be ready by late 2011; Cernavodă – Medgidia (19 km) under construction, to be completed by late 2012. |
| Autostrada Transilvania | Bucharest - Ploieşti - Braşov - Sighişoara - Târgu Mureş - Cluj-Napoca - Zalău - Oradea - Borş > Hungary | 588 / 52 | estimated completion date: 2018; sections under construction: Bucharest - Ploieşti (54 km) to be operational by 2012 and Suplacu de Barcău - Borş (64 km) by 2013; Câmpia Turzii - Gilǎu sector (52 km - Cluj-Napoca bypass) operational. Gilău - Mihăileşti (24 km) and Câmpia Turzii - Târgu Mureş (36 km) to be tendered this year. |
| A4 | Ovidiu - Agigea - Mangalia > Bulgaria | ~60 / 8.5 | Constanţa bypass (22 km) under construction - to be entirely completed by late 2011. |
| Autostrada Moldova | splitting from A3 near Ploieşti - Buzău - Focşani - Albiţa > Moldova | 288 / 0 | planned until Focşani; estimated completion date: 2020. |
| A6? East-West motorway | Moldova > Iaşi - Târgu Frumos - Săbăoani - Târgu Neamţ - Poiana Largului - Ditrău - Târgu Mureş > junction with A3 | 307 / 0 | planned; estimated completion 2020 |
| Bypass Motorway | Route | Planned (km) / Built (km) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sibiu North Motorway Bypass | part of A1 | 17.5 /17.5 | operational |
| Constanţa West Motorway Bypass | part of A4, Ovidiu - Agigea | 22.2 /8.5 | operational between DN3 interchange and Agigea (including A2 interchange) as of 30 September 2011. Ovidiu - DN3 section to be completed December 2011 |
| Bucharest North Motorway Bypass | DN100 | 54 /0 | construction delayed due to lack of funding |
| Bucharest South Motorway Bypass | DN100 | 47 /0 | construction delayed due to lack of funding |
| Piteşti Motorway Bypass | part of A1 - Bascov, DN7 E81 | 15 /15 | operational |
Planned expressways according to CNADNR (Romanian Motorway Company):[3]
| Expressway | Route | Length (km) / in use (km) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| DX** | Craiova - Piteşti | 121.18 / 0 | will connect to A1 |
| DX** | Petea - Satu Mare - Baia Mare | 82.34 / 0 | towards the border with Hungary |
| DX** | Brăila - Galaţi | 12.28 / 0 | |
| DX** | Sebeş-Turda | 74.10 / 0 | will connect A1 and A3 |
| DX** | Sibiu - Făgăraş | 72.57 / 0 | will connect A1 and A3 |
| DX** | Zalău - Northern Road | 19.12 / 0 | will connect Northern Road to A3 |
Map or European routes through Romania
There is a total of 16,503 km of National Roads (DN).[1] Seven one-digit national roads start off in Bucharest in a radial pattern.[4]
| National Road | Route | Length (km) | European System | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DN1 | Bucharest - Ploieşti - Braşov - Făgăraş - Sibiu - Alba Iulia - Turda - Cluj-Napoca - Oradea - Borş -> Hungary | 642 | (Bucharest - Braşov); (Braşov - Tălmaciu); E68/E81 (Tălmaciu - Sebeş); (Sebeş - Turda); E60/E81 (Turda - Cluj-Napoca); (Cluj-Napoca - Oradea) | Partially four-lane road. Probably the busiest trunkroad in Romania and one of the longest. The road serves as one of the main routes linking the capital with Transylvania and the western border and comprises numerous sections of European roads. |
| DN1C | Cluj-Napoca - Apahida - Gherla - Dej - Baia Mare - Halmeu -> Ukraine | 217 | (Cluj-Napoca - Dej); (Dej - Baia Mare - Halmeu); (Livada - Halmeu) | Four-lane road from Apahida to Gherla. Because of the heavy traffic from the Nokia plant in Jucu, a new bridge over the Somesul Mic river was built near Apahida. Access to and from Cluj-Napoca is granted by a northern 2 lane bypass, built in 2009 to reduce traffic congestion. The bypass is part of the future Cluj-Napoca beltway, and will link E576 straight to A3 motorway. |
| DN1F | Cluj-Napoca - Zalău - Sărmăşag - Carei -> Hungary | 178 | (Cluj-Napoca - Zalău - Supuru de Sus) | |
| DN12 | Braşov - Sfântu Gheorghe - Băile Tuşnad - Miercurea-Ciuc - Topliţa | 164 | ||
| DN13 | Braşov - Rupea - Sighişoara - Bălăuşeri - Târgu Mureş | 165 | ||
| DN15 | Turda - Câmpia Turzii - Luduş - Târgu Mureş - Reghin - Topliţa - Poiana Largului - Bicaz - Piatra Neamţ - Bacău | 369 | (Turda - Targu Mures); (Reghin - Toplita) | |
| DN17 | Dej - Beclean - Bistriţa - Vatra Dornei - Câmpulung Moldovenesc - Gura Humorului - Suceava | 252 | ||
| DN18 | Baia Mare - Sighetu Marmaţiei - Borşa - Cârlibaba - Iacobeni | 220 | ||
| DN19 | Sighetu Marmaţiei - Câmpulung la Tisa - Negreşti-Oaş - Satu Mare - Carei - Oradea | 234 | (Livada - Satu Mare); (Satu Mare - Oradea) | |
| DN2 | Bucharest - Urziceni - Buzău - Focşani - Bacău - Roman - Fălticeni - Suceava - Siret -> Ukraine | 482 | Partially four-lane road. Passes by some beautiful fortified cloisters/churches and through some beautiful scenery in northern Moldavia. |
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| DN2A | Urziceni - Slobozia - Ţăndărei - Hârşova - Constanţa | |||
| DN2B | Buzău - Făurei - Brăila - Galaţi -> Moldova | (Brăila - Giurgiuleşti) | ||
| DN22 | Râmnicu Sărat - Brăila - Măcin - Isaccea - Tulcea - Babadag - Constanţa | (Brăila - Constanţa) | ||
| DN24 | Tişiţa - Tecuci - Bârlad - Vaslui - Iaşi - Sculeni -> Moldova | 220 | (Iaşi - Sculeni); (Tişiţa - Crasna); (Iaşi - Sculeni) | |
| DN24B | Crasna - Huşi - Albiţa -> Moldova | |||
| DN28 | Roman - Târgu Frumos - Iaşi - Albiţa | (Târgu Frumos - Iaşi); (Roman - Săbăoani); (Săbăoani - Iaşi) | Four-lane road. | |
| DN28A | Târgu Frumos - Paşcani - Moţca | |||
| DN28B | Târgu Frumos - Hârlău - Botoşani | |||
| DN3 | Bucharest - Fundulea - Lehliu Gară - Călăraşi - Ostrov - Basarabi - Constanţa | |||
| DN4 | Bucharest - Olteniţa | |||
| DN5 | Bucharest - Giurgiu -> Bulgaria | 65 | Four-lane road. | |
| DN6 | Bucharest - Alexandria - Caracal - Craiova - Drobeta-Turnu Severin - Caransebeş - Lugoj - Timişoara - Sânnicolau Mare - Cenad -> Hungary | 639 | (Bucharest - Timisoara) | Partially four-lane road. |
| DN66 | Simeria - Haţeg - Petroşani - Târgu Jiu - Filiaşi | 211 | ||
| DN69 | Timişoara - Arad | |||
| DN7 | Bucharest - Găeşti - Piteşti - Râmnicu Vâlcea - Sibiu - Deva - Arad - Nădlac -> Hungary | 597 | (Bucharest - Talmaciu); E58/E81/overlap with DN1 (Talmaciu - Sebes); (Sebes - Nadlac) | Partially four-lane road. Heading north from Ramnicu Valcea to Sibiu, the trunkroad passes along the beautiful Olt River Valley. |
| DN76 | Deva - Brad - Ştei - Beiuş - Oradea | 181 | ||
| DN79 | Arad - Chişineu Criş - Salonta - Oradea | 113 | ||
| DJ100/ CB | Bucharest ring road (Centura Bucureşti) | 82 | To be upgraded to four-lane road. |
In 2009, a total of 35,048 km of county roads (of which 24,100 km paved and 10,948 km gravel roads) and 30,162 km of communal roads (of which 6,043 km paved and 24,119 km gravel roads) existed in Romania.[1]
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